|     
               
                  Given: a, b, c and d are real numbers, variables, or expressions such that b, c, d ≠ 0. 
                 
                   
                     Property:  | 
                     Example:  | 
                    
                   
                     1. Signs and Fractions:     | 
                     
                       
                          | 
                         The placement of a negative sign can be in front of the fraction, in the numerator or in the denominator.  | 
                        
                       | 
                    
                   
                     2. Equivalent Fractions: 
                              | 
                      
                     "Cross Multiply" - In a proportion, the product of the means equals the product of the extremes.  | 
                    
                   
                     3. Adding & Subtracting:                        
                            Get a common denominator.                       
                              | 
                      
                       You can use the product of the two denominators as the common denominator if you cannot  find a smaller common denominator.  | 
                    
                   
                     4. Multiplying:
                             | 
                      
                     Just multiply through the top and multiply through the bottom.  | 
                    
                   
                     5. Dividing:                       
                               | 
                       
                       Invert the second term, and multiply.
  | 
                    
                   
                     6. Simplify: Search for the largest factor that will divide evenly into both the numerator and denominator. It may be the case that the fraction is already in its simplest form.   | 
                      
                     Writing all of these steps is not necessary. Just be careful not to make a careless mistake.  | 
                    
                  
                   
                   
      
        
          NOTE:  The re-posting of materials (in part or whole) from this site to the Internet 
            is  copyright violation 
            
            and is not considered "fair use" for educators. Please read the "Terms of Use".   | 
         
        |